Ingabe isikuta sakho siyawuthobela umthetho omusha? Sizokutshela ngezidingo eziphoqelekile, izinhlawulo, kanye nesinqumo sikaRenfe sokubavumela ukuthi babuyele ezitimeleni zabo. Thola okwengeziwe lapha.
I-DGT (i-Spanish Directorate General of Traffic) isebenzise amakhamera amasha amahlanu esivinini eSoria, eSegovia, nase-Albacete njengengxenye yomkhankaso wokuphoqelela ukusheshisa. Thola izindawo zabo kanye nezijeziso zokushayela ngesivinini esikhulu.
Funda ngemithetho emisha ye-DGT yama-scooter kagesi eqala ukusebenza ngo-Okthoba: iminyaka ephansi, isigqoko sokuzivikela esiyimpoqo, i-vest ekhanyayo kanye nezijeziso.
Umdlali wasemuva weReal Madrid uRaúl Asensio wamukele inhlawulo yama-€14.400 kanye nokuvinjelwa ukushayela ngenxa yokwephula umthetho womgwaqo. Funda yonke imininingwane yecala.
I-V-27 iyisistimu yezexwayiso zedijithali zezimoto ezixhunyiwe ezixwayisa ngezingozi zomgwaqo. Akuyona into yokuthenga futhi ayiphoqelekile. Thola ukuthi isebenza kanjani kanye nobudlelwano bayo ne-V-16.
Ingabe i-Low Emission Zone (LEZ) iyakuthinta? Sizokutshela ngemikhawulo, izigaba, kanye nezijeziso eSoria, eSanta Cruz, naseTalavera. Funda ngezinto ezihlukile futhi ugweme izinhlawulo ze-€200.
I-DGT (i-Spanish Directorate General of Traffic) ivimbele izibani ezikhanyayo eziphuzi ukuthi zihambisane nezibani eziluhlaza zabahamba ngezinyawo kusukela ngo-Okthoba 2026. Thola ukuthi lokhu kubathinta kanjani abashayeli nabahamba ngezinyawo.
I-DGT (i-Spanish Directorate General of Traffic) ihlawulise abashayeli abangu-69.231 ngokusheshisa isivinini ngesonto elilodwa. Abangu-19 balethwe phambi kwejaji. Funda imininingwane yomkhankaso.
Imithetho emisha yomgwaqo ngo-Okthoba: ukudlula abanye, abagibeli bezithuthuthu, kanye nama-scooter. Uma usuvele unelayisensi, gwema izinhlawulo.
IMadrid, iMalaga, iSoria… Izindawo Ezikhipha Umoya Ophansi (ama-LEZ) zibhekene nenkinga engakaze ibonwe: izinqumo zenkantolo ezizichithile, izinhlawulo eziyizigidi, kanye nemithetho emisha efana nokuhlolwa kwezimoto. Sizokutshela ukuthi kwenzekani nokuthi kukuthinta kanjani njengomshayeli.
Izenzo zikamasipala zokuthuthukisa ukuphepha emgwaqweni: imisebenzi, amacala, kanye nemfundo. Thola izindaba zakamuva.
Ingabe ukushisa kungabangela ukuqhuma kwethayi? Sizokutshela ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwemoto kusho ukuthini, ukuthi ungahlola kanjani ingcindezi, nokuthi ungakugwema kanjani ukumangala emgwaqweni kuleli hlobo.
I-V-16 beacon, ephoqelekile kusukela ngoJanuwari, ibhekene nokugxekwa ngokusebenza kwayo kahle ngemuva kwezingozi eziyisishiyagalolunye ezibulale abantu eCatalonia. Abashayeli abangu-83% abavumelani nayo.
I-Civil Guard kanye namaphoyisa endawo baqinisa ukulawulwa kanye nophenyo mayelana nokushayela budedengu, amacala ahlobene notshwala, ukusetshenziswa komakhalekhukhwini, kanye nokushaya nokugijima eSpain. Funda ngamacala akamuva kanye nezijeziso ezibhekene nezaphulamthetho.
ONgqongqoshe uMarlaska noPuente bethula intuthuko yaseSpain kwezokuphepha emigwaqweni e-UN: ukwehla kokufa, imikhawulo yotshwala, nokuningi
I-DGT (i-Spanish Directorate General of Traffic) ifuna i-Civil Guard iphendule kukho konke ukusebenza kwe-V-16 beacon. Izinhlangano zibheka lokhu kungenakwenzeka ngenxa yokuntuleka kwezikhulu.
I-beacon ye-V16 ibilokhu iyimpoqo kusukela ngoJanuwari 2026. Kuleli hlobo, i-DGT (i-Spanish Directorate General of Traffic) izokhipha izinhlawulo ezingama-€80 ngenxa yokungabikho kwayo. Thola ukuthi ungahlola kanjani ukuthi idivayisi yakho isemthethweni futhi ugweme izinhlawulo.
Ingabe unayo iveni eneminyaka engaphezu kweyi-10 ubudala? Qaphela ukuhlolwa kwezimoto (ITV). Sizochaza ukuthi udinga ukukwenza nini njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha, ngokusho kwe-DGT (uMnyango Wezokuthutha waseSpain).
I-Latin America ivuma ukuhlanganiswa kwamalayisense okushayela kanye nemithetho yomgwaqo. Funda ngohlelo lokunciphisa izingozi kanye nokuhlanganisa izinhlawulo.
Uyazazi yini imithetho emisha ye-DGT (Spanish Directorate General of Traffic)? Izigqoko zokuzivikela ziyadingeka kuma-scooter, amagilavu ezithuthuthu, futhi kunezinye izinguquko ezizayo ngo-2026. Thola ukuthi ungakugwema kanjani izinhlawulo ze-€200.
Thola iwaranti yeminyaka eyi-10 ku-Dacia yakho ngohlelo lwe-Zen. Thola ukuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani lapho usebenzela khona ngokusemthethweni, noma ngabe imoto yakho ingeye-2017.
Ingabe izimoto zaseShayina ziphephile? I-Geely iphula isikhunta ngesikhungo sayo esisha sokuphepha esiphula amarekhodi kanye namabhethri ahlomile. Ngena uzobona ubuchwepheshe bayo.
Unemibuzo mayelana ne-V16 beacon? I-Royal Decree entsha iqinisekisa ubumfihlo bakho futhi ilawula amakhoni axhunyiwe. Thola ukuthi umthetho uthinta kanjani wena.
Thola ukuthi kungani i-beacon ye-V16 exhunyiwe iyimpoqo, ukuthi ipulatifomu ye-DGT 3.0 isebenza kanjani, nokuthi kungani onxantathu bakho besixwayiso abadala bengasasebenzi.
Amakhamera emotweni yakho? Thola ukuthi uhlelo olusha lwe-ADDW oluyimpoqo lusebenza kanjani kusukela ngoJulayi nokuthi lusho ukuthini ngobumfihlo bakho kanye nesikhwama sakho semali.
Funda ngepasipoti entsha yebhethri ye-EU: ukuthi iyini, nini iphoqelekile, nokuthi izoyithinta kanjani intengo kanye nenani lemoto yakho kagesi.
I-Volvo idlule ukuhlolwa kwezingozi okungu-10.000 esikhungweni sayo sokuphepha saseGothenburg futhi iqinisa ukuhlolwa kwayo ngale kwe-Euro NCAP eYurophu
I-DGT (i-Spanish Directorate General of Traffic) ilungiselela umkhankaso wokukhangisa i-V-16 beacon, ephoqelekile kusukela ngo-2026, futhi icacise ukungabaza ngokusetshenziswa kwayo kanye nezinzuzo zayo...
Izingozi zangempela zokushisa emotweni nezingane nokuthi ungakuvimbela kanjani ngemikhuba, ubuchwepheshe kanye nezinyathelo ezisebenzayo.
I-Tesla Model Y iyimoto yokuqala ukuphumelela ukuhlolwa okusha kwe-ADAS 2.0 kwe-NHTSA. Okutholakele okubalulekile, umthelela wayo eYurophu, kanye nomthelela wayo ekuphepheni komgwaqo.
I-DGT (i-Spanish Directorate General of Traffic) kanye noHulumeni balungiselela izinguquko zomthetho ukuze kuqiniswe izinhlawulo zokushayela ngesivinini esikhulu kanye nokwehlisa izinga lobugebengu bomgwaqo.
Thola ukuthi ubuchwepheshe buthuthukise kanjani ukuphepha kwezimoto ngokuphawulekayo. Uyazi ukuthi iyini i-ADAS?
I-Vox ifuna ukwenza isibani sesixwayiso se-V-16 sibe yinto yokuzikhethela futhi ibuyisele ukusetshenziswa konxantathu besixwayiso. Nansi indlela ethinta ngayo izinhlawulo, ukuphepha emgwaqweni, kanye nabashayeli eSpain.
Iloli elilodwa kwamathathu namaveni lisemgwaqweni elingenaso isitifiketi sokuhlolwa kwezimoto esisebenzayo (i-ITV), kanti u-8,3% nawo awunawo umshwalense. Idatha, izingozi, kanye nezijeziso kumenyezelwe eSpain.
Amakhamera amasha esivinini e-LIDAR ahambayo avela ku-DGT (i-Spanish Directorate General of Traffic): athola ukubhuleka, awabonakali ngezinhlelo zokuxwayisa, futhi aqapha amamitha afinyelela ku-1.200. Qaphela izinhlawulo!
I-DGT (i-Spanish Directorate General of Traffic) ikhiphe inani eliqopha umlando lezinhlawulo, ezidlula izigidi eziyisithupha. Idatha ehlukaniswe ngokwesifunda nesifundazwe, kanye nombono womlando onemininingwane, inikezwa.
Lena yiVolvo EX60 enebhande lesihlalo eliguquguqukayo elihlukahlukene: isivikelo esengeziwe, idatha yesikhathi sangempela, kanye nobubanzi obuhle kakhulu kagesi...
Iziphathimandla zethrafikhi ziqalise ukusebenza kwePhasika Okukhethekile: izinsuku, izibikezelo, izindawo zokuhlola, i-V-16 beacon kanye namathiphu ohambo oluphephile...
I-DGT ibuyekeza imithethonqubo yama-caravan kanye nabakhempi: izinguquko ku-ITV (ukuhlolwa kwezimoto), indawo yokupaka, uphawu lwe-S-128 kanye nezinhlawulo ze-€200...
I-Ford ibuyisa izimoto eziyizigidi ezingu-1,74 ngenxa yephutha lekhamera yokubuka ngemuva elithinta izinhlobo eziningana. Bona ukuthi lingakuthinta kanjani.
IHyundai imise ukuthengiswa kwePalisade ngenxa yokukhubazeka kwesihlalo sangemuva. Bona ububanzi obuphelele bokubuyiselwa emuva, ukubuyekezwa okuhleliwe, kanye nomthelela ongaba khona eYurophu.
I-Marlaska icacisa ukuthi kuzoba nokuhlolwa nokuthi uzohlawuliswa nini nge-beacon ye-V-16 ephoqelekile kusukela ngo-2026. Amanani, amacala athile kanye nemithetho eyinhloko.
IMadrid izovumela izimoto ezingenazo izitikha zemvelo ukuthi zijikeleze uma zihlangabezana nemingcele ye-NO₂ yaseYurophu. Nansi indlela umthetho omusha okuthinta ngayo.
Thola ukuthi amakhamera amasha esivinini se-DGT akuphi, asebenza kanjani, aqala nini ukukhipha izinhlawulo, nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze ukuze ugweme izinhlawulo zokushayela ngesivinini esikhulu.
Hlola izidingo nemininingwane yosizo lwe-€900 lwelayisensi ye-B kanye ne-€1.800 yezimvume zobungcweti eCastilla y León.
Imithethonqubo kanye nezinhlawulo zama-scooter kagesi: Ukubhaliswa kwe-DGT, umshwalense oyimpoqo, izindawo ezingavunyelwe kanye nezinhlawulo ezifika ku-€1.000 eSpain.
I-Spanish Traffic Authority (DGT) kanye ne-Social Security Administration bahlola idatha ngesikhathi sangempela ukuze baqaphe abashayeli abangochwepheshe kanye namalayisense abo. Thola ukuthi lokhu kukuthinta kanjani.
Thola ukuthi akuphi amakhamera amasha ejubane eliqondile nelijwayelekile le-DGT, ukuthi asebenza kanjani, yiziphi izinhlawulo ezibangwayo nokuthi aqala nini ukukhipha izinhlawulo.
I-Profeco iyala ukuthi kuhlolwe izinhlobo ezintathu ze-Volkswagen ukuze kutholakale ukuthi zinenkinga yini ngebhande lesihlalo. Hlola ukuthi imoto yakho ithintekile yini...
I-Volvo ibuyisa izimoto ezingu-40.000 ze-EX30 ngenxa yokushisa ngokweqile kwebhethri okungenzeka. Hlola ukuthi imoto yakho ithintekile yini nokuthi yiziphi izinyathelo okufanele uzithathe.
Izinhlawulo ezingama-€80 sezikhishwa manje ngokungayithwali i-V16 beacon. Thola ukuthi kunini lapho kuyimpoqo, ukuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani ngendlela efanele, nokuthi yiziphi izinhlawulo ongase ubhekane nazo...
I-EU iqinisekisa ukuthi iSpain ayizange yazise indinganiso ye-V16 beacon exhunyiwe futhi ixwayisa ngemiphumela engaba khona yezomthetho kuhulumeni.
I-BMW ibuyise izimoto ezingaphezu kuka-500.000 ngenxa yengozi yomlilo enjinini yokuqala. Hlola ukuthi imoto yakho ithintekile yini nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze.
I-Mazda idlula iVolvo futhi ihola ezikhundleni zokuphepha zango-2026 ngokusho kwe-IIHS, i-Euro NCAP kanye ne-Consumer Reports, ngobuchwepheshe obungaphazamisi kakhulu.
Iyini isitika esibomvu se-DGT se-ES-AV, ubani okumele asibonise, futhi sithinta kanjani izivivinyo zezimoto ezizimele eSpain? Imininingwane nezigaba...
ICongress ithengisa ibhekoni le-V16 elinelogo yalo elingasasebenzi ne-DGT (i-Spanish Directorate General of Traffic). Funda ngezingozi, imithetho yamanje, nokuthi ungayikhetha kanjani ibhekoni le-V16 elisemthethweni.
Qaphela ama-imeyili mbumbulu kanye nemiyalezo ye-SMS evela ku-DGT (i-Spanish Directorate General of Traffic) mayelana nezinhlawulo zomgwaqo. Funda ukuthi ungayibona kanjani i-phishing, ukuthi wenzeni uma uyithola, nokuthi ungasabela kanjani uma uyithatha...
I-NHTSA ihlaziya ukwehluleka kokudlulisela izimoto kuma-Ford F-150 ayizigidi ezingu-1,27 kusukela ngo-2015-2017. Izingozi, izimbangela ezingaba khona, kanye nezimo zokukhunjulwa okukhulu.
I-Volvo Trucks yengeza amaloli ayisithupha anezinkanyezi ezinhlanu ze-Euro NCAP futhi iqinisa ubuholi bayo kwezokuphepha kwezokuthutha ezisindayo zaseYurophu.
IHyundai ibuyise izimoto ezingu-84.000 ngenxa yokukhubazeka kweqoqo lezinsimbi. Izingozi, amamodeli athintekile, nokuthi zilungiswa kanjani ngokuvuselelwa.
I-DGT (i-Spanish Directorate General of Traffic) manje isikhipha izinhlawulo zokungaxhunywanga kwe-V16 beacon: inani, amacala angempela, ukungabaza ngesikhathi somusa kanye nendlela yokugwema izinhlawulo.
I-Ford ibuyise izimoto ezingu-119.000 ngenxa yengozi yomlilo wenjini. Bheka amamodeli athintekile, izimpawu, kanye nemininingwane yokulungisa.
Imephu yesikhathi sangempela yama-beacon asebenzayo e-V16 eSpain: ukuthi isebenza kanjani, idatha esetshenziswa yi-DGT, izingozi zobumfihlo kanye nezinzuzo zokuphepha
Ukwebiwa kwama-beacon e-V16 kuyanda eSpain: indlela amasela asebenza ngayo, ukuthi aphinde awathengise ngamalini, kanye nalokho amaphoyisa akuncomayo ukuze avikele imoto yakho.
Ukubhaliswa kwe-DGT okuphoqelekile kwama-scooter kagesi kanye nomshwalense weqembu lesithathu: izidingo, izinsuku zokugcina, izinhlawulo kanye nendlela yokubhalisa i-VMP yakho isinyathelo ngesinyathelo.
Indlela i-Cupra esebenzisa ngayo idatha yangempela eYurophu ukuthuthukisa usizo lokushayela kanye nokuphepha emgwaqweni, kuyilapho ihlonipha ubumfihlo bomsebenzisi.
I-Profeco ne-Honda babuyisa izimoto ezingu-2,515 ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwephedali yamabhuleki. Hlola ukuthi imoto yakho ithintekile yini nokuthi ungayilungisa kanjani.
Ungahlawuliswa yini ngokubeka onxantathu besixwayiso nge-V16 beacon? Thola impendulo ye-DGT, izinhlawulo, nokuthi ungabonisa kanjani kahle ukuphazamiseka.
Izinhlawulo ze-V-16 beacon kanye nevesti: ukuthi ungahlawuliswa malini, uma into ngayinye iyimpoqo nokuthi ungagwema kanjani ukufika ku-€280 emgwaqweni.
IMercedes-Benz yethula amabhande esihlalo afudumele kwi-S-Class, ihlanganisa induduzo, ukuphepha kanye nokusebenza kahle kwamandla ezindaweni ezibandayo.
Ungahlawuliswa yini ngokuxwayisa nge-checkpoint ku-Telegram? Icala langempela e-Ibiza, uMthetho Wezokuphepha Kwezakhamuzi, kanye nezinhlawulo ezifika ku-€30.000.
Ingabe usuvele uhlawuliswa ngokungabi nesibani sesixwayiso se-V16? Thola ulwazi mayelana nesikhathi somusa, inhlawulo ye-€80, nokuthi ungazigwema kanjani izinkinga ngesidingo somgwaqo omusha.
I-DGT (i-Spanish Directorate General of Traffic) izodinga ukuhlolwa kwezimoto okuphoqelekile (i-ITV) kwama-beacon e-V16 axhunyiwe. Nansi indlela ukuhlolwa okuzosebenza ngayo, ukuthi kuzokwenziwa kangaki, nokuthi yini wena, njengomshayeli, okudingeka uyenze.
Nansi indlela inkohliso yeloli yokudonsa yabavukuzi esebenzisa i-V16 beacon esebenza ngayo: indawo, izingozi zangempela emgwaqweni kanye nendlela yokuzivikela uma ubhajwe.
Umshwalense ophoqelekile wama-scooter kagesi: izinsuku zokugcina, okuhlukile, ukubhaliswa kwe-DGT, ukumbozwa kanye nezinhlawulo ezizokuthinta eSpain.
I-DGT icacisa inhlawulo yokungaphathi i-V16 beacon, okuyimodeli esebenzayo, lapho ibeka inhlawulo yama-€80 kanye nendlela yokwenza ngama-triangles kanye ne-vest eSpain.
Ukucima kukagesi eSan Francisco kushiye i-robotaxis kaWaymo ingenalutho. Izici ezibalulekile zokwehluleka kanye nezifundo zokuthunyelwa kwezimoto ezizimele eYurophu.
Nakekela imoto yakho ebusika: ibhethri, amathayi, i-antifreeze, ukubonakala kanye namathiphu ayisihluthulelo okugwema ukuphazamiseka nokuhamba ngokuphepha.
Ukusebenza Okukhethekile Kwethrafikhi KaKhisimusi: izinsuku, izigaba, izindawo zokuhlola, izindawo ezimnyama zezingozi, kanye nemithetho emisha efana ne-V-16. Thola ulwazi ngaphambi kokuhamba.
Funda ukuthi ungahlola kanjani ukuthi i-V16 beacon yakho ivunyelwe yi-DGT: ikhodi, uhlu olusemthethweni, ukuxhumana kanye nezijeziso ezingaba khona.
Umhlahlandlela ophelele ku-beacon ye-DGT ye-V27: unxantathu obonakalayo oxhunyiwe, ubudlelwano ne-V16, ukusetshenziswa okuphoqelekile nokuthi kuzokuthinta kanjani kusukela ngo-2026.
I-Mitsubishi Eclipse Cross kagesi ithole isilinganiso sezinkanyezi ezi-5 se-Euro NCAP ngamanani aphezulu okuphepha kanye neziqinisekiso eziningi zaseYurophu...
I-NHTSA ikhipha isinqumo sokuyibuyisela emuva iVolkswagen ID.4 ngenxa yenkinga engaba khona ngebhethri le-HV. Funda ngenkinga, amamodeli athintekile, kanye nezinyathelo zokuphepha ezinconywayo...
Ucwaningo lwembula ukuthi izimoto zikagesi azibangeli izingozi zabahamba ngezinyawo noma ukulimala okukhulu kunezimoto ezinenjini yomlilo. Amaqiniso abalulekile ngokuphepha kwabahamba ngezinyawo.
I-Mazda CX-5 ithola isilinganiso sezinkanyezi ezinhlanu se-Euro NCAP. Thola amaphuzu ayo, ubuchwepheshe bokuphepha, kanye nezici ezibalulekile zokusiza abashayeli.
Ingabe kusemthethweni ukusebenzisa onxantathu besixwayiso kanye ne-V16 beacon ndawonye? Thola ukuthi yini evunyelwe yi-DGT (Spanish Directorate General of Traffic), ukuthi i-V16 izoba nini impoqo, nokuthi yiziphi izinhlawulo ongase ubhekane nazo.
I-Toyota inikeza iwaranti yeminyaka eyi-10 noma i-1.000.000 km kumabhethri kagesi. Funda ngemigomo, amamodeli, kanye nezinzuzo zabashayeli eSpain.
I-BYD Seal 6 DM-i izuza isilinganiso sezinkanyezi ezinhlanu se-Euro NCAP. Zitholele izikolo zayo, ububanzi, ubuchwepheshe, kanye nenguqulo ye-Touring yemakethe yaseYurophu.
Isibopho sebhikhoni ye-V16 ngo-2026: ukuthi isebenza kanjani, iyiphi idatha eyithumelayo, ukuthi abadali bayo bathini, nokuthi kwenzekani kumabhakhoni angaxhumekile...
Ibhikoni ye-V16 noma onxantathu: yini ezoba yimpoqo eSpain, noma ingasetshenziswa ngesikhathi esisodwa, nokuthi kwenzekani ezimotweni zakwamanye amazwe kusukela ngo-2026 kuya phambili.
Ucwaningo olwenziwa eYurophu naseChina luqinisekisa ukuthi izimoto zikagesi azikhiqizi imisebe eyingozi futhi zikhipha izimoto ezingaphansi kweziningi zenjini evuthayo.
I-Facua igxeka i-DGT ngokuvumela ukukhwabanisa okukhulu ngamabhakhoni e-V16 angaxhumekile futhi ichaza indlela yokufuna ukubuyiselwa kwemali nokugwema izinhlawulo.
I-DGT (i-Spanish Directorate General of Traffic) isuse ilungelo lezimoto zikagesi emzileni we-A-6 Bus-HOV futhi yawukhawula ezimotweni ezinabantu abaningi. Nansi indlela ekuthinta ngayo uma usebenzisa i-A-6 noma i-A-2 ezayo.
I-Correos manje ithengisa amabhikhoni e-V16, axhunywe futhi agunyazwe yi-DGT (Spanish Directorate General of Traffic). Thola izintengo, ukuthi ungazithenga kuphi, nokuthi imithetho emisha idinga ini...
I-DGT (i-Spanish Directorate General of Traffic) inyusa amasheke emaveni ngalolu Lwesihlanu Olumnyama: isivinini, i-MOT (ITV e-Spain), impahla, notshwala. Thola ukuthi yini egadiwe nokuthi kungani...
Ukukhunjulwa kwezimoto ezingaphezu kwesigidi iToyota, Lexus, neSubaru ngenxa yesici sekhamera ebuka ngemuva. Hlola ukuthi imoto yakho ithintekile yini nokuthi inkinga izoxazululwa kanjani.
Kuyisibopho eSpain: izidingo, ukugunyazwa nokusetshenziswa kwebhakhoni ye-V-16 exhunywe ku-DGT 3.0. Funda ukuhlonza amamodeli avumelekile futhi ugweme izinhlawulo.
I-Civil Guard iqinisa i-Operation Glove Box: impoqo ye-V16, amasheke ebhokisi lamagilavu kanye nezinhlawulo. Izidingo, izinto ezingavunyelwe nezeluleko.
Izifundo e-Jarama ezinemodeli ye-GTI, R kanye ne-ID, ukuphepha namaseshini aqondisiwe. Izindawo ezinomkhawulo nezintengo ezikhethekile zamakhasimende namalungu eKlabhu.
Izimoto ezakhiwe ngaphambi kuka-1950 zikhululekile ekuhlolweni kwezimoto eSpain: izidingo, ububanzi, nokuthi kwenzekani ngokunye. Lonke ulwazi lucacile futhi luhambisana nesikhathi.
